{"id":188030,"date":"2021-06-09T05:25:00","date_gmt":"2021-06-09T12:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=188030"},"modified":"2021-07-29T11:01:35","modified_gmt":"2021-07-29T18:01:35","slug":"como-mejores-datos-pueden-ayudar-a-california-a-evitar-una-crisis-de-agua-potable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_es\/environment\/climate-change\/2021\/06\/how-better-data-can-help-california-avoid-a-drinking-water-crisis\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo mejores datos pueden ayudar a California a evitar una crisis de agua potable"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Imagen<\/figure><\/div>

\u00c1lvar Escriv\u00e1-Bou, y<\/h3>
<\/h5>

Alvar Escriv\u00e1-Bou es investigador del Instituto de Pol\u00edticas P\u00fablicas del Centro de Pol\u00edticas del Agua de California, <\/em>escriva@ppic.org<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Imagen<\/figure><\/div>

Rich Pauloo, especial para CalMatters<\/h3>

<\/h5>

Rich Pauloo es hidr\u00f3logo, cient\u00edfico de datos y cofundador.<\/em>
del Laboratorio de datos del agua<\/a><\/em>, rich@waterdatalab.com<\/a>.<\/p>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

La sequ\u00eda ya est\u00e1 aqu\u00ed y estamos empezando a sentir los efectos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La mayor\u00eda de los hogares afectados durante la \u00faltima sequ\u00eda se encontraban en el Valle de San Joaqu\u00edn y estas mismas comunidades se encuentran entre las m\u00e1s vulnerables esta vez. Mientras California enfrenta un segundo a\u00f1o de sequ\u00eda, muchos se preguntan: \u201c\u00bfQu\u00e9 se puede hacer para ayudar?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La \u00faltima vez, las peque\u00f1as comunidades rurales que dependen de pozos poco profundos (muchas de ellas comunidades de color) estuvieron entre las m\u00e1s afectadas. M\u00e1s de 2.600 hogares informaron haber perdido el acceso al agua porque sus pozos se secaron entre 2012 y 2016. (Es probable que esa cifra est\u00e9 subestimada, ya que la presentaci\u00f3n de informes era voluntaria). Sin embargo, muchas cosas han cambiado desde la sequ\u00eda de 2012-2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistemas de notificaci\u00f3n de sequ\u00edas, como Mi suministro de agua seca<\/a> Est\u00e1n disponibles hoy en d\u00eda, y mejores datos sobre la profundidad y ubicaci\u00f3n de los pozos dom\u00e9sticos, as\u00ed como sobre los niveles de agua subterr\u00e1nea, ayudan a comprender el riesgo de sequ\u00eda. Usamos estos datos para desarrollar un modelo que estimaba qu\u00e9 los pozos se secaron durante la sequ\u00eda de 2012-16<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Utilizando la misma metodolog\u00eda, y asumiendo que la disminuci\u00f3n de los niveles de agua subterr\u00e1nea ser\u00e1 similar a las disminuciones observadas en 2012-2016, ejecutamos diferentes escenarios para pronosticar los impactos de la sequ\u00eda actual. Los resultados sugieren<\/a> que alrededor de 2.700 pozos podr\u00edan secarse este a\u00f1o, y casi 1.000 m\u00e1s el pr\u00f3ximo a\u00f1o si persisten las condiciones secas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Casi la mitad de estos pozos est\u00e1n en los condados de Fresno, Madera y Tulare, pero esta vez tambi\u00e9n se espera que los pozos se queden sin agua en el Valle de Sacramento, que es m\u00e1s h\u00famedo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tambi\u00e9n estimamos los costos para reparar estos pozos bajando las bombas y perforando pozos m\u00e1s profundos. Afortunadamente, el costo total no es enorme: $14 millones para este a\u00f1o y otros $7 millones para el pr\u00f3ximo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"Es de esperar que haya sequ\u00eda en California y, esta vez, los socios estatales y locales est\u00e1n en mejor posici\u00f3n para tomar medidas antes <\/em>los grifos se secan. A ra\u00edz de la \u00faltima sequ\u00eda, un Grupo Asesor de Sequ\u00eda del Condado, que inclu\u00eda representantes de condados, tribus, organizaciones comunitarias y otras partes interesadas, trabaj\u00f3 con el estado para mejorar la comprensi\u00f3n del problema y Acciones recomendadas<\/a> para mejorar la preparaci\u00f3n ante la sequ\u00eda. Muchos condados han establecido grupos de trabajo locales sobre sequ\u00eda que est\u00e1n listos para actuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las incipientes agencias de sostenibilidad de las aguas subterr\u00e1neas, creadas siguiendo el mandato de la Ley de Gesti\u00f3n Sostenible de las Aguas Subterr\u00e1neas de 2014, tambi\u00e9n ser\u00e1n socios clave en este esfuerzo, y muchas ya est\u00e1n involucradas en an\u00e1lisis y programas de protecci\u00f3n de pozos vulnerables. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adem\u00e1s, el estado ha prometido fondos para ayudar: el presupuesto actual del gobernador propone $27 millones para emergencias por sequ\u00eda de agua potable<\/a>. Esto podr\u00eda acelerar los esfuerzos locales para proteger a los hogares contra cortes de agua bajando las bombas, perforando pozos m\u00e1s profundos, consolidando los hogares en sistemas de agua o instalando tanques de agua de emergencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aunque no es f\u00e1cil anticipar d\u00f3nde ocurrir\u00e1n los problemas con perfecta precisi\u00f3n (nuestro modelo, por ejemplo, no puede identificar cada pozo en riesgo), los condados y el estado ahora pueden identificar puntos cr\u00edticos y se\u00f1alar a todas las partes interesadas d\u00f3nde es probable que ocurran los problemas. . <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Una diferencia clave entre esta sequ\u00eda y la \u00faltima es el momento oportuno. La \u00faltima vez la ayuda del Estado se produjo principalmente en forma de suministro de agua. despu\u00e9s<\/em> Los pozos se secaron. Esta vez, el estado puede ayudar a los condados, las agencias de aguas subterr\u00e1neas y los socios locales a identificar ubicaciones susceptibles e implementar soluciones r\u00e1pidas, incluida la perforaci\u00f3n de pozos m\u00e1s profundos y la preparaci\u00f3n de tanques para el suministro de agua. antes<\/em> los pozos se secan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las acciones de socorro a corto plazo merecen una r\u00e1pida atenci\u00f3n este a\u00f1o para mantener el servicio de agua. Si la sequ\u00eda contin\u00faa, el estado tendr\u00e1 que buscar soluciones a m\u00e1s largo plazo, como conectar a las personas a sistemas de agua m\u00e1s resilientes, como se hizo hecho en la comunidad del Valle de San Joaqu\u00edn de East Porterville<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

No hay duda de que las comunidades que dependen de pozos poco profundos para obtener agua potable son vulnerables. Pero con financiamiento y cooperaci\u00f3n entre agencias estatales y locales, California puede mejorar su capacidad para mitigar los impactos m\u00e1s significativos de la sequ\u00eda en las comunidades en riesgo, garantizando tanto el acceso al agua potable como la tranquilidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alvar Escriv\u00e1-Bou escribi\u00f3 para CalMatters a principios de este a\u00f1o sobre asociaciones de agua<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Los sistemas de notificaci\u00f3n de sequ\u00edas pueden predecir d\u00f3nde se secar\u00e1n los pozos y ayudar a las comunidades a prepararse para tomar medidas antes de que se queden sin agua. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":187886,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"2021-06-09T12:25:18Z","apple_news_api_id":"df1a6762-896b-4ef3-8458-4f78290e03eb","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2021-07-29T18:01:39Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACQ==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/A3xpnYolrTvOEWE94KQ4D6w","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,58,54],"tags":[1010,40117,1329,1643,64998,2932,3312,18230,4048],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4186],"class_list":["post-188030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-change","category-commentary","category-water","tag-climate-change","tag-commentary","tag-drought","tag-fresno","tag-my-turn","tag-ppic","tag-san-joaquin-valley","tag-tulare-county","tag-water","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nHow 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