{"id":221722,"date":"2022-01-05T05:25:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T13:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=221722"},"modified":"2022-01-04T14:07:34","modified_gmt":"2022-01-04T22:07:34","slug":"las-prohibiciones-locales-sobre-las-ventas-de-cannabis-con-licencia-refuerzan-el-mercado-ilicito","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_es\/commentary\/2022\/01\/local-bans-on-licensed-cannabis-sales-bolster-illicit-market\/","title":{"rendered":"Las prohibiciones locales sobre la venta de cannabis con licencia refuerzan el mercado il\u00edcito"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Imagen<\/figure><\/div>

Por Paul Armentano, especial para CalMatters<\/h3>

<\/h5>

Paul Armentano es el subdirector de la Organizaci\u00f3n Nacional para la Reforma de las Leyes de Marihuana (<\/em>NORMAL<\/em><\/a>). Se desempe\u00f1a en la facultad de <\/em>Universidad de Oaksterdam<\/em><\/a> en Oakland, donde es el <\/em>c\u00e1tedra de ciencias<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>

<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

En 2016, la mayor\u00eda de los californianos votaron para desplazar el mercado il\u00edcito de cannabis con un mercado regulado y gravado, uno que estar\u00eda controlado por empresas autorizadas, no por empresarios criminales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cinco a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, el deseo de los votantes a\u00fan no se ha hecho realidad. Y aunque muchas personas se apresuran a se\u00f1alar con el dedo a Sacramento y al las altas tasas impositivas del estado<\/a>, en muchos casos, los funcionarios electos locales tienen gran parte de la culpa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esto se debe a que m\u00e1s de la mitad de las ciudades y condados del estado prohibir<\/a> la operaci\u00f3n de negocios de cannabis con licencia. En ausencia de puntos de venta legales de cannabis en estas jurisdicciones, los proveedores del mercado il\u00edcito est\u00e1n m\u00e1s que dispuestos a satisfacer las demandas de los consumidores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En pocas palabras, las moratorias locales que proh\u00edben el establecimiento de minoristas de cannabis autorizados no hacen nada para limitar el acceso de los residentes locales al cannabis; s\u00f3lo limitan su acceso al cannabis legal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La producci\u00f3n y venta de marihuana existe en todos los barrios de California. Sin embargo, en aquellas localidades que han optado por regular este mercado, estas transacciones se realizan en un entorno seguro. Los consumidores tienen acceso a productos probados en laboratorio. Y los ingresos financieros de estas transacciones se redirigen nuevamente a la comunidad local. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por el contrario, en localidades sin un mercado regulado, estas transacciones se llevan a cabo en la sombra: iniciadas por vendedores sin licencia que no verifican la identificaci\u00f3n, que carecen de los medios o el deseo de probar la calidad o pureza de sus productos, y que ciertamente no No pagar\u00e9 impuestos sobre las ventas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los votantes locales y sus funcionarios electos localmente deben elegir qu\u00e9 tipo de mercado de cannabis quieren que funcione en sus vecindarios. Actuar como si actualmente no existiera un mercado local de marihuana \u2013 o que prohibir a los minoristas autorizados de cannabis de alguna manera mantendr\u00eda el cannabis y el comercio de cannabis \u201cfuera de su comunidad\u201d \u2013 simplemente niega la realidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adem\u00e1s, se ha demostrado que las preocupaciones expresadas por algunos pol\u00edticos de que el establecimiento de negocios tradicionales de marihuana afectar\u00e1n negativamente la seguridad y la prosperidad de la comunidad son infundadas. En lugar de ser imanes para la actividad criminal, Los estudios han encontrado repetidamente<\/a> que los operadores con licencia est\u00e1n asociados con reducciones en la delincuencia en el vecindario. Esto se debe a que estos operadores tomar la tutela<\/a> sobre los barrios en los que operan. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emplean personal de seguridad e instalan c\u00e1maras de seguridad. Desplazan a operadores locales il\u00edcitos. Est\u00e1n asociados con una aumento del valor de las propiedades locales<\/a> porque crean empleos y estimulan el crecimiento econ\u00f3mico. M\u00e1s recientemente, los datos a nivel de condado de Colorado determinado<\/a> que las localidades con establecimientos minoristas autorizados experimentaron un crecimiento del empleo a tasas m\u00e1s altas que las ciudades vecinas que no lo hicieron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A diferencia de los vendedores ambulantes, los minoristas autorizados no proporcionan marihuana a menores. De acuerdo a datos<\/a> Publicado en 2021 en la revista JAMA Pediatrics, 97% de minoristas para uso en adultos en California verificaron la identificaci\u00f3n de los clientes antes de realizar una transacci\u00f3n. Un estudio separado realizado por el Instituto de Seguros para la Seguridad en las Carreteras y las autoridades locales encontr\u00f3 Cumplimiento de 100%<\/a> entre los minoristas de cannabis con licencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por \u00faltimo, hay que reconocer que los j\u00f3venes que residen en localidades con minoristas autorizados no tienen m\u00e1s probabilidades de consumir cannabis que los j\u00f3venes de otras jurisdicciones. De acuerdo a investigaci\u00f3n<\/a> publicado por investigadores de RAND Corporation, \u201cLos adultos j\u00f3venes que viven en un \u00e1rea con una mayor densidad de cualquier tipo de punto de venta (de cannabis al por menor) no tienen significativamente m\u00e1s probabilidades de informar intenciones m\u00e1s fuertes de consumir cannabis, cigarrillos electr\u00f3nicos o cannabis mezclado con tabaco. \/nicotina en el futuro\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es hora de que los funcionarios locales pongan fin al NIMBYismo y a los temores injustificados que rodean el establecimiento de minoristas de marihuana. El cannabis est\u00e1 aqu\u00ed y ha llegado para quedarse. Los municipios deben aceptar esta realidad y brindar la supervisi\u00f3n necesaria para responsabilizar a estas empresas y hacer que este mercado sea seguro, transparente y rentable para la comunidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

_____<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul Armentano tambi\u00e9n ha escrito sobre c\u00f3mo la respuesta a la pandemia de COVID-19 <\/em>elev\u00f3 el cannabis a la corriente principal<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Es hora de que los funcionarios locales pongan fin a los temores injustificados que rodean el establecimiento de minoristas de marihuana.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":69,"featured_media":221726,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"2022-01-05T13:25:06Z","apple_news_api_id":"1ce52bfe-acf5-45f1-9458-e8d95b9faa8d","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2022-01-05T13:25:07Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AHOUr_qz1RfGUWOjZW5-qjQ","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[65015,58],"tags":[544,719,40117,2419],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4186],"class_list":["post-221722","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-capitol","category-commentary","tag-business","tag-california-legislature","tag-commentary","tag-marijuana","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nLocal 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