{"id":292903,"date":"2023-03-13T05:35:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-13T12:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=292903"},"modified":"2023-03-13T08:39:00","modified_gmt":"2023-03-13T08:39:00","slug":"colapso-del-banco-de-silicon-valley","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_es\/economy\/2023\/03\/silicon-valley-bank-collapse\/","title":{"rendered":"El colapso de Silicon Valley Bank: \u00bfuna calamidad \u00fanica o una se\u00f1al de m\u00e1s problemas para California?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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En resumen<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t

La quiebra de Silicon Valley Bank es una se\u00f1al de debilidad en la industria tecnol\u00f3gica, y eso podr\u00eda significar problemas para el estado de California.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\n

Lea este art\u00edculo en ingles<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El viernes por la ma\u00f1ana, California vio algo que el pa\u00eds no hab\u00eda presenciado desde los viejos tiempos de la crisis financiera de 2008: el colapso de un banco importante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los reguladores de California confiscaron el Silicon Valley Bank (una hist\u00f3rica piedra angular de la econom\u00eda emergente y, desde el a\u00f1o pasado, el decimosexto banco m\u00e1s grande del pa\u00eds), declar\u00e1ndolo \u201crealizando sus negocios de manera insegura\u201d e insolvente. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

El banco planea reabrir el lunes bajo la direcci\u00f3n de los reguladores bancarios de la Corporaci\u00f3n Federal de Seguro de Dep\u00f3sitos, que anunci\u00f3 el domingo por la noche que planeado para garantizar todos los dep\u00f3sitos<\/a>. Tom\u00f3 esa medida en respuesta al p\u00e1nico en todo el \u00c1rea de la Bah\u00eda de que las empresas y organizaciones sin fines de lucro con millones de d\u00f3lares en las b\u00f3vedas del banco en quiebra podr\u00edan no poder acceder a su efectivo y verse obligadas a cerrar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahora, los inversores de Silicon Valley, los empleadores de nuevas empresas, los analistas presupuestarios de California y los legisladores est\u00e1n observando de cerca para ver si esto es el final de una crisis menor o simplemente el comienzo de una crisis mayor. precipitado por tasas de inter\u00e9s m\u00e1s altas<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El gobernador Gavin Newsom dio la bienvenida a la intervenci\u00f3n federal del domingo por la tarde y dijo en un comunicado que tendr\u00e1 \u201cimpactos profundamente positivos en California... asegurando que nuestra econom\u00eda de innovaci\u00f3n pueda seguir creciendo y avanzando\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mientras tanto, un portavoz del Departamento de Finanzas de la administraci\u00f3n Newsom dijo que todav\u00eda era demasiado pronto para decir qu\u00e9 podr\u00eda tener la quiebra del banco y su consiguiente impacto econ\u00f3mico en la econom\u00eda del estado. Ya estoy arrastrando la imagen del presupuesto.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La repentina desaparici\u00f3n del Silicon Valley Bank ser\u00e1 estudiada y debatida durante las pr\u00f3ximas semanas y meses. Pero a pesar de toda la asociaci\u00f3n del banco con la innovaci\u00f3n y la tecnolog\u00eda de \u00faltima generaci\u00f3n, los factores detr\u00e1s de su colapso parec\u00edan ser, en palabras del columnista de Bloomberg Matt Levine, \u201calgo aburrido y normal<\/a>"En lo que respecta a las quiebras bancarias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En pocas palabras: los depositantes comenzaron a retirar dinero justo cuando las inversiones del banco comenzaron a hundirse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por el lado de los depositantes, gran parte del dinero del banco provino de empresas emergentes y otros ahorradores de Silicon Valley. Impulsado por tasas de endeudamiento m\u00e1s altas y el fin de una oleada pand\u00e9mica<\/a> En demanda de todo remoto, Silicon Valley ha visto un desfile de despidos este a\u00f1o<\/a> y los depositantes del banco han estado retirando sus ahorros. Las tasas de inter\u00e9s m\u00e1s altas tambi\u00e9n llevaron a muchos de esos ahorradores a buscar mayores retornos para su efectivo en otros lugares.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esta reducci\u00f3n requiri\u00f3 que el banco retirara algunas de sus inversiones. Desafortunadamente para el banco, muchos de ellos eran bonos del Tesoro a largo plazo y valores respaldados por hipotecas. A medida que la Reserva Federal aument\u00f3 las tasas de inter\u00e9s para sofocar la inflaci\u00f3n, el valor de esos activos se desplom\u00f3. As\u00ed, el mi\u00e9rcoles el banco anunci\u00f3 p\u00e9rdidas por valor de $1,8 mil millones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asustados por esa noticia, muchos depositantes intentaron retirar todo su dinero de una vez. Al d\u00eda siguiente, $42 mil millones desaparecieron de las b\u00f3vedas digitales del banco, seg\u00fan los reguladores de California<\/a>, una retirada masiva impulsada por algunos gigantes del sector tecnol\u00f3gico, incluido el fondo de capital riesgo<\/a> cofundada por el multimillonario conservador Peter Thiel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

El resultado: una corrida bancaria a la antigua usanza como la que Incluso Jimmy Stewart lo reconocer\u00eda<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Una v\u00edctima de la pol\u00edtica antiinflacionaria<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Algunos comentaristas han sido menos caritativos con el antiguo banco, argumentando que la direcci\u00f3n del banco hizo poco para calmar a los inversores asustadizos. conduciendo a \u201cun gol en propia meta\u201d<\/a> de proporciones \u00e9picas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Debido a que los problemas financieros del banco se remontan a tasas de inter\u00e9s m\u00e1s altas, se podr\u00eda llamar al Silicon Valley Bank el primera v\u00edctima importante de la pol\u00edtica antiinflacionaria de la Reserva Federal.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La gran pregunta es si ser\u00e1 el \u00faltimo. Despu\u00e9s de la toma del poder federal, Los inversores se alejaron de los bancos regionales en posiciones similares.<\/a>, preocupados de que ellos tambi\u00e9n pudieran estar enfrentando una reducci\u00f3n de la tasa de endeudamiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquellos que ten\u00edan efectivo en Silicon Valley Bank estaban protegidos, pero s\u00f3lo hasta cierto punto. La Corporaci\u00f3n Federal de Seguro de Dep\u00f3sitos respalda dep\u00f3sitos de hasta $250.000. No era probable que eso ayudara a muchos de los clientes del banco, compuestos desproporcionadamente por empresas emergentes con millones de d\u00f3lares ahorrados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fue esa temible perspectiva de que las empresas tecnol\u00f3gicas de todo el norte de California se encontraran repentinamente sin efectivo y sin poder pagar la n\u00f3mina lo que finalmente llev\u00f3 al gobierno federal a intervenir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un capitalista de riesgo advirti\u00f3 sobre un \u201ccierre masivo de todas las startups estadounidenses<\/a>.\u201d Los informes del fin de semana destacaron los posibles da\u00f1os colaterales que podr\u00edan ocurrirle a todo, desde proyectos de viviendas asequibles<\/a> con la industria del vino de napa<\/a> a productores de paneles solares<\/a>. Los pol\u00edticos del \u00c1rea de la Bah\u00eda pidieron acci\u00f3n federal urgente<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En CBS se enfrenta a la naci\u00f3n<\/a> El domingo por la ma\u00f1ana, el representante de Silicon Valley, Ro Khanna, inst\u00f3 al gobierno federal a garantizar que \u201ctodos los depositantes est\u00e9n protegidos y tengan pleno acceso a sus cuentas\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

"Si te\u00f3ricamente el gobierno federal no hiciera nada, tendr\u00edamos riesgo de contagio y su propagaci\u00f3n ser\u00eda muy mala", dijo el senador estatal Scott Wiener, dem\u00f3crata de San Francisco, antes del anuncio de los reguladores federales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ese anuncio se produjo el domingo por la tarde. "Los depositantes tendr\u00e1n acceso a todo su dinero a partir del lunes 13 de marzo", dijo el presidente de la FDIC, Martin J. Gruenberg, en un declaraci\u00f3n conjunta<\/a> con la Secretaria del Tesoro, Janet Yellen, y el Presidente de la Junta de la Reserva Federal, Jerome H. Powell. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esa es una resoluci\u00f3n inusual para una quiebra bancaria, dijo Joao Granja, profesor de contabilidad que se especializa en regulaci\u00f3n bancaria en la Universidad de Chicago. Normalmente, los reguladores federales intentar\u00e1n encontrar otro banco privado que se haga cargo del quebrado y garantice todos sus dep\u00f3sitos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

El hecho de que ning\u00fan comprador se comunicara inmediatamente refleja "lo repentina y r\u00e1pida que se desarroll\u00f3 la situaci\u00f3n", dijo Granja, pero tambi\u00e9n que Silicon Valley Bank es "grande y especializado" en el sector tecnol\u00f3gico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo que Silicon Valley significa para el presupuesto de California<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El estado en su conjunto no necesita entrar en p\u00e1nico todav\u00eda, dijo Emily Mandel, economista que monitorea las finanzas estatales para Moody's Analytics. La quiebra del banco es \u201cm\u00e1s un s\u00edntoma de la debilidad actual de la industria tecnol\u00f3gica que un cambio radical\u201d, dijo. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u00fan as\u00ed, los legisladores de California est\u00e1n enfrentando un d\u00e9ficit de m\u00e1s de $20 mil millones<\/a>. Aproximadamente la mitad de los ingresos del impuesto sobre la renta personal del estado proviene del 1 por ciento de los que m\u00e1s ganan<\/a>, la mayor\u00eda de los cuales cobran en acciones y otros instrumentos financieros. Es por eso que la posibilidad de contratiempos adicionales en el sector tecnol\u00f3gico y giros en los mercados financieros probablemente no sea una buena noticia en el Capitolio. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

"No espero que esto sea una repetici\u00f3n de lo ocurrido en 2008, espero que sea m\u00e1s bien un evento aislado".<\/p>Emily Mandel, economista de Moody's Analytics<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Un an\u00e1lisis realizado el a\u00f1o pasado por la Oficina del Analista Legislativo no partidista se\u00f1al\u00f3 que el monto total del impuesto sobre la renta retenido de los cheques de pago de California estaba muy por debajo de las expectativas. El culpable, seg\u00fan el informe<\/a>: Una fuerte ca\u00edda en las bonificaciones salariales y una escasez de nuevas ofertas p\u00fablicas iniciales (fiestas de salida de bolsa que, hace apenas unos a\u00f1os, eran haciendo regularmente nuevos millonarios tecnol\u00f3gicos<\/a> en todo el \u00c1rea de la Bah\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pero en la medida en que la saga del Banco de Silicon Valley refleja una inestabilidad subyacente en la tecnolog\u00eda, es probable que esas preocupaciones ya se reflejen en la situaci\u00f3n del estado. Proyecciones fiscales severas<\/a>, dijo Mandel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

"S\u00ed, la debilidad en la tecnolog\u00eda va a resultar en cierta debilidad en los ingresos, pero esto no cambia los contornos de lo que esperar\u00edamos", dijo. "No espero que esto sea una repetici\u00f3n de lo ocurrido en 2008, espero que sea m\u00e1s bien un evento aislado".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tampoco es probable que los pensionados del sector p\u00fablico del estado sufran un golpe importante en el corto plazo. De los aproximadamente $444 mil millones en inversiones actualmente administradas por el Sistema de Jubilaci\u00f3n de Empleados P\u00fablicos de California, $67 millones<\/a> (aproximadamente el dos por ciento del uno por ciento del total) eran bonos del Silicon Valley Bank, seg\u00fan un resumen de las inversiones del fondo hasta junio de 2022. A\u00fan no hay cifras m\u00e1s recientes disponibles. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los rumores m\u00e1s amplios en el mundo tecnol\u00f3gico repercutir\u00edan en la cartera del fondo de pensiones, pero la exposici\u00f3n a\u00fan es relativamente limitada. Si tomamos en conjunto a Apple, Alphabet, Amazon, Meta y Microsoft, CalPERS posee $1.700 millones en bonos corporativos. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

El portavoz del Departamento de Finanzas de California, HD Palmer, destac\u00f3 que la quiebra de un solo banco, aunque dolorosa para los directamente involucrados, no sacudir\u00e1 por s\u00ed sola a un estado tan grande como California.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u00bfEs esto end\u00e9mico? \u00bfEs este un problema al que se enfrentan otros 10 bancos? \u00e9l dijo. "Lo que sabemos hasta ahora no se acerca a confirmar ese tipo de proyecci\u00f3n".<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La quiebra de Silicon Valley Bank es una se\u00f1al de debilidad en la industria tecnol\u00f3gica, y eso podr\u00eda significar problemas para el estado de California.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":72,"featured_media":292826,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"2023-03-13T12:36:01Z","apple_news_api_id":"2b345360-c168-4975-8f21-6592c74458f8","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2023-03-16T18:11:45Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQ==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AKzRTYMFoSXWPIWWSx0RY-A","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[1367,3523],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4166],"class_list":["post-292903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economy","tag-economy","tag-silicon-valley","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nSilicon Valley Bank collapse signals trouble in CA tech - CalMatters<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Silicon Valley Bank\u2019s failure led California regulators and FDIC to seize its assets. 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