{"id":375506,"date":"2023-12-18T00:01:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T08:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=375506"},"modified":"2023-12-14T12:11:51","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T20:11:51","slug":"avances-en-la-guerra-del-agua-en-california","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_es\/commentary\/2023\/12\/californias-water-wars-breakthroughs\/","title":{"rendered":"Las guerras por el agua en California logran algunos avances, pero se avecinan m\u00e1s enfrentamientos"},"content":{"rendered":"

La pol\u00edtica de agua en california<\/a> podr\u00eda compararse con el constante rozamiento de placas tect\u00f3nicas a 10 millas o m\u00e1s debajo de su superficie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Placa del Pac\u00edfico lucha con la Placa de Am\u00e9rica del Norte por el dominio a lo largo de la falla de San Andr\u00e9s de 800 millas de largo que recorre la costa de California. Cuando uno cede, el Estado sufre un terremoto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De manera similar, los intereses h\u00eddricos de California (agricultores, ciudades y ambientalistas, principalmente, con un n\u00famero infinito de subgrupos) luchan constantemente sobre c\u00f3mo se repartir\u00e1n los suministros de agua del estado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los conflictos de los b\u00fafalos de agua, como han sido denominados<\/a>, se desarrollan en los \u00e1mbitos legislativos, en las numerosas agencias gubernamentales federales, estatales y locales que gestionan la distribuci\u00f3n del agua y, cada vez m\u00e1s, en los tribunales estatales y federales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sus luchas demoledoras han estado en marcha desde que California es un estado (173 a\u00f1os), pero en ocasiones, a veces separadas por d\u00e9cadas, se produjeron acciones importantes. cambiar el paisaje acu\u00e1tico de California<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esta parece ser una de esas ocasiones. La reciente experiencia de California de sequ\u00eda seguida de lluvias torrenciales y tormentas de nieve<\/a> parece haber impulsado a los actores del agua a hacer cosas que parec\u00edan imposibles hace apenas unos a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los usuarios de agua del r\u00edo Colorado en California, principalmente el Distrito de Irrigaci\u00f3n Imperial, la semana pasada firmado formalmente<\/a> un Acuerdo con otros estados para reducir desv\u00edos.<\/a> del r\u00edo tan turbulento. Se espera que el acuerdo evite una cat\u00e1strofe que de otro modo ser\u00eda inminente en los dos principales embalses de los r\u00edos, el lago Powell y el lago Mead. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los funcionarios federales presionaron para que se alcanzara el acuerdo hist\u00f3rico, amenazando con recortes unilaterales si no se concretaba, y lo lubricaron con muchos millones de d\u00f3lares en compensaciones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El Departamento de Recursos H\u00eddricos del estado ha publicado un informe final de impacto ambiental<\/a> en un plan para perforar un t\u00fanel debajo del delta Sacramento-San Joaqu\u00edn y llevar algo de agua del r\u00edo Sacramento hasta la cabecera del Acueducto de California sin sacar agua del propio Delta<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las versiones del bypass han existido durante m\u00e1s de seis d\u00e9cadas, y las autoridades dicen que es necesario para proteger los suministros de agua al Valle de San Joaqu\u00edn y el sur de California y los opositores, particularmente grupos ambientalistas, dicen que empeorar\u00eda la calidad del agua en el Delta. La publicaci\u00f3n del informe sienta las bases para lo que podr\u00eda ser A\u00f1os de batallas pol\u00edticas y legales antes de que pudiera comenzar la construcci\u00f3n.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los defensores de los t\u00faneles dicen que el agua se extraer\u00eda s\u00f3lo durante los per\u00edodos de altas precipitaciones y escorrent\u00eda de la capa de nieve para mejorar la confiabilidad del agua, lo que tambi\u00e9n es la raz\u00f3n fundamental para otro importante proyecto de construcci\u00f3n. que ha languidecido durante d\u00e9cadas<\/a>: el Embalse de sitios en los condados de Colusa y Glenn<\/a>. En noviembre, el gobernador Gavin Newsom design\u00f3 sitios para la aprobaci\u00f3n simplificada de un informe final de impacto ambiental, allanando el camino para la construcci\u00f3n que podr\u00eda comenzar en 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En octubre, la Oficina Federal de Reclamaci\u00f3n anunci\u00f3 la aprobaci\u00f3n de un Plan de ampliaci\u00f3n de capacidad de almacenamiento del Embalse San Luis<\/a>, un elemento clave del sistema de suministro de agua de California. San Luis, en el Paso Pacheco, es un embalse fuera de la corriente que absorbe agua extra\u00edda del Delta Sacramento-San Joaqu\u00edn y la almacena para satisfacer demandas posteriores. Es similar a c\u00f3mo funcionar\u00eda el embalse de Sites propuesto: almacenar agua cuando est\u00e9 disponible para amortiguar los per\u00edodos en los que los flujos naturales disminuyen. El plan aumentar\u00eda la capacidad del embalse en 130.000 acres-pie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finalmente, los reguladores estatales del agua est\u00e1n preparados para aprobar por primera vez proyectos que convertir directamente las aguas residuales en agua potable<\/a>. La reutilizaci\u00f3n del agua "nos brinda un suministro que, en esencia, siempre estar\u00e1 ah\u00ed", dijo Darrin Polhemus, subdirector de la junta de agua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si bien son importantes, estos acontecimientos recientes no ponen fin a las guerras por el agua en California. Por ejemplo, el Estado est\u00e1 empezando a implementar Primeros controles sobre el bombeo desde acu\u00edferos subterr\u00e1neos.<\/a> bajo una ley aprobada hace una d\u00e9cada, que podr\u00eda afectar gravemente la producci\u00f3n agr\u00edcola en el Valle de San Joaqu\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mientras tanto, los b\u00fafalos de agua se est\u00e1n preparando para el conflicto potencial m\u00e1s divisivo de todos: si el estado violar\u00e1 los derechos de agua<\/a>, algunos de los cuales se remontan a los d\u00edas de la fiebre del oro. Las escaramuzas preliminares ya est\u00e1n en marcha, ya que el El New York Times detalla<\/a> la semana pasada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ser\u00e1 \u00e9pico.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Despu\u00e9s de a\u00f1os de disputas entre los numerosos intereses h\u00eddricos de California, recientemente se han producido algunos avances importantes. Pero otras batallas, como la validez de los derechos de agua de larga data, siguen sin resolverse.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":73,"featured_media":296828,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"2023-12-18T08:01:07Z","apple_news_api_id":"94a1d882-6c36-4ac7-9fef-a20df1ebdc35","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2023-12-18T08:01:07Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AlKHYgmw2Ssef76IN8evcNQ","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[58,63],"tags":[198,40117,1329,1444,4048],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4174],"class_list":["post-375506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-commentary","category-dan-walters","tag-agriculture","tag-commentary","tag-drought","tag-environment","tag-water","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nOpinion | CA water wars see breakthroughs but more clashes loom<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There have been a few major breakthroughs in California's water wars recently. 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Comenz\u00f3 a cubrir la pol\u00edtica de California en 1975, justo cuando Jerry Brown comenz\u00f3 su primer per\u00edodo como gobernador, y comenz\u00f3 a escribir su columna en 1981, primero para Sacramento Union durante tres a\u00f1os, luego para The Sacramento Bee durante 33 a\u00f1os y ahora para CalMatters desde 2017. Dan tambi\u00e9n es autor o coautor de dos libros sobre California, \u201cThe New California: Facing the 21st Century\u201d y \u201cThe Third House: Lobbyists, Money and Power in Sacramento\u201d. Es un invitado frecuente en programas de radio y ocasionalmente aparece en la televisi\u00f3n nacional, comentando temas de California. Walters comenz\u00f3 su carrera en 1960 en el Humboldt Times en Eureka, California, un mes antes de cumplir 17 a\u00f1os, primero como asistente de redacci\u00f3n y luego como reportero de la polic\u00eda. Habiendo encontrado su vocaci\u00f3n, no s\u00f3lo rechaz\u00f3 una beca universitaria de National Merit, sino que abandon\u00f3 la escuela secundaria al carecer de una clase requerida (ir\u00f3nicamente, educaci\u00f3n c\u00edvica) para calificar para un diploma. Antes de mudarse a Sacramento para cubrir pol\u00edtica, fue editor en jefe de tres peque\u00f1os diarios. 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