{"id":267046,"date":"2022-08-30T05:32:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-30T12:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=267046"},"modified":"2022-08-30T16:31:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-30T16:31:00","slug":"trabajadores-de-comida-rapida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_zh\/calmatters-en-espanol\/2022\/08\/trabajadores-de-comida-rapida\/","title":{"rendered":"California aprueba proyecto de ley que da poder de negociaci\u00f3n a trabajadores de comida r\u00e1pida"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u7e3d\u7d50<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quienes apoyaban la medida convencieron a los dem\u00f3cratas moderados de eliminar una disposici\u00f3n que habr\u00eda puesto a las corporaciones de comida r\u00e1pida en el anzuelo por violaciones laborales dentro de las franquicias.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u6587 \u82f1\u8bed<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Legislatura de California envi\u00f3 el lunes al gobernador Gavin Newsom un proyecto de ley, el primero en la naci\u00f3n, que crea un consejo para regular los salarios y las condiciones laborales en los restaurantes de comida r\u00e1pida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El proyecto de ley laboral dar\u00eda a los defensores un punto de apoyo en la negociaci\u00f3n que durante mucho tiempo ha sido esquivo en una industria de bajos salarios que emplea a m\u00e1s de medio mill\u00f3n de trabajadores no sindicalizados en todo el estado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Impulsada por el Sindicato Internacional de Empleados de Servicios y con la feroz oposici\u00f3n de los grupos empresariales, la FAST Recovery Act (Ley de Recuperaci\u00f3n FAST) apenas fue aprobada en el Senado estatal con el n\u00famero m\u00ednimo de votos. La votaci\u00f3n fue igual de estrecha en la Asamblea horas despu\u00e9s. Varios dem\u00f3cratas se abstuvieron; despu\u00e9s de que fue abrobada, seis cambiaron sus votos para apoyarlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si Newsom firma la AB 257<\/a> , un consejo podr\u00eda establecer est\u00e1ndares en toda la industria de comida r\u00e1pida sobre salarios y condiciones laborales, como medidas de seguridad e incluso la temperatura de un restaurante. Los defensores laborales dicen que el proyecto de ley dar\u00eda a los trabajadores poder de negociaci\u00f3n en una industria donde la representaci\u00f3n sindical es dif\u00edcil de lograr debido a la alta rotaci\u00f3n de personal y la propiedad de franquicias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los legisladores redujeron significativamente el proyecto de ley para empujarlo hacia la aprobaci\u00f3n final despu\u00e9s de que varios legisladores dem\u00f3cratas moderados se opusieran a propuestas anteriores para otorgar al nuevo consejo una autoridad reguladora amplia sobre la industria. Los legisladores agregaron una serie de enmiendas la semana pasada para abordar las preocupaciones de los due\u00f1os de negocios.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En una importante concesi\u00f3n, los legisladores eliminaron una disposici\u00f3n que habr\u00eda responsabilizado conjuntamente a las corporaciones de comida r\u00e1pida por las infracciones salariales y laborales<\/a> que sucedieran en las franquicias. El patrocinador del proyecto de ley, el asamble\u00edsta dem\u00f3crata Chris Holden de Pasadena, dijo que era una \u201cpieza significativa\u201d para convencer a algunos colegas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, California ha estado extendiendo este tipo de responsabilidad legal laboral en otras industrias, desde contratistas de limpieza y jardiner\u00eda hasta propietarios de edificios y empresas que los contratan, por ejemplo, como parte de sus esfuerzos para combatir el robo de salarios. Pero las corporaciones de franquicias de comida r\u00e1pida han evitado durante mucho tiempo esa responsabilidad en la legislaci\u00f3n laboral federal y estatal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incluso sin esa disposici\u00f3n, los l\u00edderes laborales calificaron el proyecto de ley como una victoria. La presidenta de SEIU, Mary Kay Henry, dijo en un mitin frente al Capitolio que el proyecto de ley era un \u201cmomento decisivo para los trabajadores\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De particular importancia: incluir a los trabajadores en el consejo junto con representantes de la industria, dijo Kate Andrias, experta en derecho laboral de la Universidad de Columbia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cRevertir la estructura legislativa y la plataforma regulatoria existente de nuestro estado no es una forma de ayudar a los trabajadores\u201d.<\/p>Jot Condie, presidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n de Restaurantes de California<\/cite><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Los Estados Unidos y California han utilizado Juntas<\/a> para otras industrias antes de establecer salarios m\u00ednimos, particularmente durante la primera mitad del siglo XX. Pero, dijo Andrias, el proyecto de ley de comida r\u00e1pida es \u201cuna variaci\u00f3n m\u00e1s expansiva y ambiciosa\u201d de esos esfuerzos anteriores al tener a los trabajadores sentados directamente en el consejo y cubrir una gama m\u00e1s amplia de condiciones laborales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los grupos empresariales y de restaurantes, que gastaron mucho dinero en publicidad televisiva para<\/a> oponerse al proyecto de ley, emitieron un comunicado el lunes por la tarde instando al gobernador Gavin Newsom a vetarlo. Han dicho que la industria de la comida r\u00e1pida est\u00e1 siendo atacada injustamente y advirtieron que las nuevas regulaciones obligar\u00edan a los restaurantes a aumentar los precios en un momento donde hay una inflaci\u00f3n poniendo r\u00e9cords.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La transmisi\u00f3n y los anuncios digitales llamaron al proyecto de ley un \u201cimpuesto a los alimentos\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cRenovar la estructura legislativa y la plataforma regulatoria existente de nuestro estado no es una forma de ayudar a los trabajadores\u201d, dijo Jot Condie, presidente de la Asociaci\u00f3n de Restaurantes de California, en un comunicado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Compromisos clave<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Newsom no ha declarado una posici\u00f3n sobre el proyecto de ley, pero su Departamento de Finanzas se opone<\/a> , diciendo que crear\u00eda costos continuos y empeorar\u00eda las demoras<\/a> en el sistema de aplicacion laboral del estado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los cambiaron el lunes que el proyecto de ley incorpora sus discusiones con la administraci\u00f3n de Newsom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aparte de la eliminaci\u00f3n de la responsabilidad laboral para las cadenas de comida r\u00e1pida, los otros cambios del proyecto de ley incluyen disposiciones que impiden que el consejo requiera nuevos beneficios de licencia pagada para los trabajadores, o que regulen c\u00f3mo los operadores de restaurantes de comida r\u00e1pida programen las horas de los trabajadores. Adem\u00e1s, cualquier salario m\u00ednimo que establezca el consejo tendr\u00e1 un tope de $ 22 por hora en 2023 y estar\u00eda sujeto a aumentos inflacionarios en a\u00f1os futuros. El proyecto de ley tambi\u00e9n incluye una fecha de vencimiento de seis a\u00f1os.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Algunas empresas de alimentos estar\u00edan exentas de las reglas del consejo, incluidas las panader\u00edas, los mostradores de comida r\u00e1pida de las tiendas de comestibles y las cadenas con menos de 100 espacios a nivel nacional, lo que supera el umbral anterior de 30 espacios o menos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Acto de equilibrio<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

No estaba claro de inmediato que empresas o trabajadores quedar\u00edan excluidos al elevar ese umbral. Para las marcas franquiciadas con permisos en California, la cantidad de cadenas que se ajustan a la descripci\u00f3n se reduce de 149 a 84, seg\u00fan la Asociaci\u00f3n Internacional de Franquicias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El proyecto de ley dar\u00eda a los trabajadores y sus defensores un n\u00famero igual de esca\u00f1os en el consejo como representantes empresariales. El resto del consejo incluir\u00eda a dos representantes de la administraci\u00f3n del gobernador, de la Agencia de Desarrollo Laboral y de la Fuerza Laboral y la Oficina de Desarrollo Comercial y Econ\u00f3mico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El senador dem\u00f3crata de Irvine, Dave Min, dijo que inicialmente \u201cten\u00eda algunas preocupaciones profundas\u201d sobre la legislaci\u00f3n, pero apoy\u00f3 la versi\u00f3n m\u00e1s limitada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cSiento que es nuestro deber proteger nuestros centros comerciales de las regulaciones estatales excesivas, pero tambi\u00e9n tenemos que equilibrar eso con los derechos de los trabajadores que nos atienden\u201d, dijo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u516c\u5171\u539f\u521b\u6587\u7ae0 <\/em>\u52a0\u5dde\u4e8b\u52a1<\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00edganos en Twitter y Facebook.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siga nuestro canal RSS para art\u00edculos en espa\u00f1ol. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

CalMatters.org es una organizaci\u00f3n de medios de comunicaci\u00f3n sin fines de lucro, no partidista, que explica las pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas y los temas pol\u00edticos de California.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En resumen Quienes apoyaban la medida convencieron a los dem\u00f3cratas moderados de eliminar una disposici\u00f3n que habr\u00eda puesto a las corporaciones de comida r\u00e1pida en el anzuelo por violaciones laborales dentro de las franquicias. Read this article in English. La Legislatura de California envi\u00f3 el lunes al gobernador Gavin Newsom un proyecto de ley, el […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":254,"featured_media":248449,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"","apple_news_api_id":"","apple_news_api_modified_at":"","apple_news_api_revision":"","apple_news_api_share_url":"","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":[],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34464],"tags":[],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[60622],"class_list":["post-267046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-calmatters-en-espanol","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"\nCalifornia aprueba proyecto de ley que da poder de negociaci\u00f3n a trabajadores de comida r\u00e1pida - 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Gavin Newsom and the 2026 governor\u2019s race. Previously, she wrote about labor, homelessness and economic inequality. Jeanne is focused on accountability stories highlighting how state policies affect disadvantaged communities. Her stories covered heat protections for workers and state prisoners, California\u2019s scrutiny (and lack thereof) of immigration detention centers and Her reporting on CalMatters\u2019 California Divide team for a series examining long waits and low payouts for workers who claim they are victims of wage theft was honored with awards from the Society of Professional Journalists Northern California chapter and the Best of the West. Jeanne came home to California to join CalMatters in 2022. Prior to that, she covered politics in Missouri for The Kansas City Star, where she wrote about rural health care, the battle over COVID-19 vaccination, the fallout of a law that made the state a \u201csanctuary\u201d against federal gun laws, and the Republican Party\u2019s efforts to undo voter-approved policies. She was also a city hall reporter for The News Journal in Delaware, and before that she wrote about criminal justice issues for Injustice Watch in Chicago. Jeanne grew up in the San Gabriel Valley, graduated from Northwestern University and is now based in Sacramento with her cat, Potato. 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