{"id":72417,"date":"2019-04-08T13:01:08","date_gmt":"2019-04-08T20:01:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/?p=72417"},"modified":"2020-06-23T10:24:59","modified_gmt":"2020-06-23T17:24:59","slug":"charter-schools-california-far-flung-loophole-acton-newhall","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/_zh\/education\/2019\/04\/charter-schools-california-far-flung-loophole-acton-newhall\/","title":{"rendered":"How a tiny California school district sparked calls for a charter crackdown"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group has-light-gray-background-color has-background calmatters-summary\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"has-small-font-size calmatters-summary-heading\"><strong>In summary<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"calmatters-summary-content\">The win-win partnership between a struggling charter school network and a rural school district in Los Angeles County touched off a call for legislative reform.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\n<p>One was a charter school operator desperate for authorization after years of rejection by multiple school districts. The other was a teeny district in the rural high desert, hemorrhaging students, facing insolvency and in dire need of revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Albert Einstein Academy of Letters, Arts and Sciences and the Acton-Agua Dulce Unified School District at the northern edge of Los Angeles County answered each other\u2019s prayers in 2013 when they partnered. In a novel use of California\u2019s charter school rules, the district agreed to oversee Albert Einstein\u2019s elementary charter school even though it sat far outside Acton-Agua Dulce\u2019s geographical boundary, and was inside the attendance area of another district that had already denied an Einstein petition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In return, Acton-Agua Dulce collected oversight fees of 3.5% of the school\u2019s revenue, a formula that officials quickly replicated with more charter authorizations. By 2015-16, the district had approved and was collecting fees from a whole stable of charters, netting an additional $1.9 million in revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But the win-win creative partnership was also the kindling for a prolonged legislative and legal battle over reforms to California\u2019s system for authorizing charter schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-MWIMp\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important;\" title=\"Explosive Charter Growth in Acton-Agua Dulce\" src=\"\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/MWIMp\/2\/\" height=\"386\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\"><\/iframe><script type=\"text\/javascript\">!function(){\"use strict\";window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(void 0!==a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var t in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"]){var e=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-\"+t);e&&(e.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][t]+\"px\")}})}();<\/script><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Citing claims that the district and charter network improperly gamed the system, Democratic lawmakers are redoubling efforts to tighten rules that have let small, financially-strapped school districts <u><a href=\"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/articles\/audit-school-districts-reap-millions-oking-far-flung-charters\/\">boost their budgets<\/a><\/u> by offering authorization and oversight to charter schools dozens or hundreds of miles from their supposed minders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The issue strikes close to home for the legislator behind this year\u2019s proposal to clamp down on so-called far-flung charters. Democratic Assemblywoman Christy Smith of Santa Clarita, the sponsor of<u><a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1507\"> Assembly Bill 1507,<\/a><\/u> sat on the board of the Newhall School District, about 20 miles west of Acton-Agua Dulce, when Acton\u2019s authorization stuck her community with an Einstein charter school it had rejected, eventually prompting Newhall to sue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>AB 1507 is one of several charter regulation proposals forming the battle lines of <u><a href=\"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/articles\/charter-schools-california-legislation-politics-newsom-teachers-california\/\">this year\u2019s faceoff<\/a><\/u> between charter advocates and teachers\u2019 unions. In past sessions, the longstanding rivalry between those two politically powerful forces has typically <u><a href=\"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/articles\/education-foes-fight-draw-sacramento\/\">ended more or less in a draw<\/a><\/u>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But this year, the political calculus has shifted. Both the governor and the state\u2019s top school administrator were elected with strong backing from teachers\u2019 unions, which blame declining enrollment and funding, in part, on competition from the publicly funded, independently operated charters that are mostly nonunion. Already, Gov. Gavin Newsom has signed a fast-tracked law that requires charters to follow the same open-meeting and conflict of interest laws as traditional schools in the public system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now on April 10 the Assembly Education Committee will begin hearings on bills that would curb the growth of charters from an assortment of angles, capping the number of charter schools allowed to operate in California, removing a charter\u2019s ability to appeal petition denials to county and state authorizers and putting strict limits on locations of charter schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2018Nothing added up\u2019<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In California, a charter school must be \u201cauthorized\u201d to operate by a local school district that is willing to monitor its finances and academic progress. In the event of a denial by a school district, the law also lets charter applicants appeal to a county office of education or the State Board of Education. The state has more than 350 charter school authorizers, according to a <u><a href=\"https:\/\/gettingdowntofacts.com\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-09\/GDTFII_Report_West.pdf\">2018 study<\/a><\/u> published by Stanford University, with the overwhelming majority overseeing five or fewer charter schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-caption\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/calmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/465360_10150781129776460_443546152_o-600x400.jpg?resize=600%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72418\" height=\"400\" width=\"600\"\/><figcaption>The Acton school district\u2019s approval of an Albert Einstein Academy launched an explosion of charter authorizations in the rural Los Angeles County district.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Between 2010 and 2014, six school districts\u2014Newhall, Saugus Union, Ventura Unified, Los Angeles Unified, Moorpark Unified and Conejo Valley Unified\u2014and the Los Angeles and Ventura County education offices each denied Albert Einstein charter petition appeals, according to a Los Angeles county report, legislative testimony and local media reports. One district, Saugus Union, denied four separate petitions from Albert Einstein.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In their rejections, the districts and counties raised similar concerns over Albert Einstein\u2019s financial viability and lack of specifics in its applications over how it planned to educate specific student groups, such as special needs students and English language learners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe took a look at the finances\u2014again, four different times\u2014and nothing added up,\u201d said Joan Lucid, a retired superintendent of the Saugus Union School District.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe kept being told, \u2018Well, we\u2019re going to have a grant from someone, someone\u2019s going to give us some money, we\u2019re thinking we\u2019ll have this or we\u2019ll have that,\u2019 and when we actually did an analysis of the figures that were there, nothing added up.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then in 2013, the Albert Einstein network discovered Acton-Agua Dulce, a district where enrollment had been declining so inexorably for so long that, in one five-year stretch after the 2008 recession, one elementary school had lost more than half its student body. In a decade, overall enrollment had fallen by more than 40%, from 1,849 to 1,080 students.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then-superintendent Brent Woodard had proposed a plan that called for Acton to \u201capprove approximately 24 high quality, diverse charter schools\u201d by summer 2016 as a way to bring in more students, according to a PowerPoint presentation to the school board.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Acton, Rabbi Mark Blazer, a founder of the Albert Einstein Academy of Letters, Arts and Sciences, said he saw \u201ca cooperative district\u201d that \u201cwas willing to work with us.\u201d Under its multi-year plan, the district expected to earn more than $1.2 million in revenue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At that point, the role of charter school authorizer was fairly new territory for Acton-Agua Dulce. Up until 2012, the district had never authorized a charter school. Within three years, the district had about twice as many charter as non-charter students. Meanwhile, Acton\u2019s traditional enrollment, and the state funding that goes with it, held steady because the district\u2014citing a lack of space on its own grounds\u2014insisted the new charters be situated elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The new Einstein school opened a half-hour away, in Newhall. And in summer 2014, Newhall <u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.documentcloud.org\/documents\/1353279-first-amended-petition-for-writ-of-mandate-and.html\">sued<\/a><\/u><strong>. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2018Victim of bad charter policy\u2019<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>School boards and district officials pushing for tighter restrictions on charter locations contend that they have the responsibility for\u2014and thus should have the ultimate authority over\u2014the learning programs offered by public schools within their boundaries. Newhall charged Acton\u2019s authorization had usurped its local control.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>[infoembed size=&#8221;half&#8221; override=&#8221;&#8221; align=&#8221;left&#8221; padding=&#8221;light&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"infogram-embed\" data-id=\"2cdc9669-311a-4887-bc79-b0cd8998334e\" data-type=\"interactive\" data-title=\"Copy: far flung charter timeline\"><\/div>\n<p><script>!function(e,t,s,i){var n=\"InfogramEmbeds\",o=e.getElementsByTagName(\"script\")[0],d=\/^http:\/.test(e.location)?\"http:\":\"https:\";if(\/^\\\/{2}\/.test(i)&&(i=d+i),window[n]&&window[n].initialized)window[n].process&&window[n].process();else if(!e.getElementById(s)){var r=e.createElement(\"script\");r.async=1,r.id=s,r.src=i,o.parentNode.insertBefore(r,o)}}(document,0,\"infogram-async\",\"https:\/\/e.infogram.com\/js\/dist\/embed-loader-min.js\");<\/script>[\/infoembed]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou have locally elected school board members who were supposedly making the determination for educational programs inside their district, and then some other district decides what\u2019s best for that district,\u201d said Marc Winger, a former Newhall superintendent who served when Smith sat on the school board, referring to the Acton district\u2019s 2014 charter authorization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThey\u2019re 20 miles away, they know nothing about it, and on top of that, we have proof that they\u2019re doing it for money.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Outrage mounted as more and more Acton charters popped up in communities that weren\u2019t Acton. Santa Clarita Valley school officials went to Sacramento and began lobbying. Meanwhile, other school districts also went to court over other far-flung charters: suits were filed by Pasadena Unified and Los Angeles Unified, where Acton approved another charter school in the San Fernando Valley. Also, San Diego Unified sued the tiny, rural Alpine Union School District for authorizing an Albert Einstein charter in its boundaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Commenting on a <u><a href=\"https:\/\/scvnews.com\/2014\/05\/19\/albert-einstein-academy-refuses-saugus-districts-space-offer\/\">May 2014 Santa Clarita Valley Signal article<\/a><\/u> about Albert Einstein Academy, Assemblywoman Smith, then a Newhall trustee, accused Acton of \u201cengaging in pay to play practices,\u201d called&nbsp;the Einstein authorization a \u201crubber stamp\u201d and called on the state \u201cto put an end to these abusive practices and waste.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAm I opposed to this type of bad actor in the charter business? Absolutely!\u201d Smith wrote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blazer, the founder of the Albert Einstein Academy of Letters, Arts and Sciences, cast his operation as \u201ca victim of bad charter policy in the state of California.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Newhall eventually won its suit, and<u><a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1263\">&nbsp;Senate Bill 1263,<\/a><\/u> which would have required permission from the host district for a remote authorization, passed both the state Senate and Assembly. But the courts didn\u2019t change provisions in the law that allow for far-flung charters and SB 1263&nbsp;was vetoed by then-Gov. Jerry Brown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Brown, who had been a proponent of charter schools while he was mayor of Oakland, expressed concerns that the bill\u2019s language might uproot existing charters. Yet in his <u><a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/billStatusClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140SB1263\">veto message<\/a><\/u>, even he acknowledged that \u201csome districts and charter schools have gone against the spirit of the law and the exemption has instead become the rule.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By early 2017, Brent Woodard, the superintendent who oversaw Acton\u2019s rapid charter growth, had left the district, citing \u201c<u><a href=\"https:\/\/signalscv.com\/2016\/12\/acton-agua-dulce-unified-superintendent-announces-resignation\/\">multifarious reasons<\/a><\/u>,\u201d the Santa Clarita Valley Signal reported. The prior year, lawmakers passed another bill restricting charter school locations, but were stymied by another Brown veto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, in November 2017, the California State Auditor released a <u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bsa.ca.gov\/pdfs\/reports\/2016-141.pdf\">yearlong report,<\/a><\/u> at the request of the Legislature, that detailed school districts\u2019 financial incentive to approve charter schools outside of their boundaries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Specifically, the audit noted that the district approved charter applications\u2014including one for the Albert Einstein school in Agua Dulce\u2014that did not have the required number of signatures from prospective parents and teachers meant to gauge community support and demand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The state\u2019s audit also found Albert Einstein Academy \u201cconsistently failed to meet the district\u2019s minimum (financial) reserve requirement,\u201d putting it at risk for closure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By then, Acton had authorized some 15 charter schools, including three Albert Einstein Academy schools\u2014one based in Agua Dulce, and two others in Valencia and Beverly Hills, 50 miles southwest of the district.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, more than 14,000 charter school students are enrolled in the district, many of them in non-classroom-based programs. Less than one-tenth of Acton\u2019s total enrollment is in its traditional public school classrooms, and its charter enrollment total trails only the state\u2019s two largest school districts, San Diego and Los Angeles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The state\u2019s directory of public schools shows that Acton has approved 27 separate charter schools since 2012, including some that appeared never to have actually operated before they closed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">State or local control?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In summer 2017, Albert Einstein\u2019s <u><a href=\"https:\/\/latimesblogs.latimes.com\/lanow\/2010\/03\/first-hebrewlanguage-charter-school-gets-approval-in-santa-clarita-valley.html\">longest-operating<\/a><\/u> California school, a charter high school authorized by the William S. Hart Union High School District, closed its doors after the Hart school board <u><a href=\"https:\/\/signalscv.com\/2017\/03\/hart-district-denies-charter-schools-renewal-request\/\">denied<\/a><\/u> to renew the charter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-caption\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/calmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/AAUSD-Supt.-Larry-King.png?resize=400%2C297&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72944\" height=\"297\" width=\"400\"\/><figcaption>Acton-Agua Dulce Unified School District Superintendent Larry King says the district has changed its approach on charters.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>By June 2018, all charter schools in California affiliated with the Albert Einstein Academy of Letters, Arts and Sciences <u><a href=\"https:\/\/signalscv.com\/2018\/04\/einstein-academy-announces-its-relinquishing-charter\/\">had closed<\/a><\/u>. The last three schools authorized under the Acton school district closed last summer as the district \u201cbegan to question publicly in discussions with the board their financial status,\u201d said Lawrence King, Acton\u2019s new superintendent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Or, as Winger, the former Newhall superintendent put it: \u201cThe financial problems that we predicted (in 2010) came true.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Blazer, the founder of Albert Einstein Academy, downplayed the financial concerns raised by school districts in their charter application denials, and said he felt school districts in the Santa Clarita Valley were innately hostile toward charters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This tension, he said, is why he believes charter authorizations should be handled primarily at the state level, not through local school districts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf we had one authorization, if there was a statewide authorization, we would\u2019ve been fine,\u201d Blazer said, later adding: \u201cCharter schools should not be authorized by hostile parties whose very goal is for charter schools not to exist in the first place \u2026 If we\u2019re looking to actually create school choice and opportunities, which charters do, then the goal shouldn\u2019t be to put them under the authorization of schools who want them to fail.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-caption\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/calmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/mark-Blazer-e1554747257472.jpg?resize=400%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-72942\" height=\"300\" width=\"400\"\/><figcaption>Albert Einstein Academy founder Rabbi Mark Blazer says the charter network was a victim of poor state policy.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Today, King, Acton\u2019s superintendent, describes the district\u2019s approach to charters as \u201cthe farthest thing from a rubber stamp or a financial motivation.\u201d Though he acknowledges that the district oversees a large number of charter schools, he points out that the district has not authorized a new charter since October 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf a charter organization wants to petition with our district \u2026 then we go through the process,\u201d King said. \u201cIt\u2019s not an emotional process, it\u2019s not something where we go, \u2018boy, this is potential income for the district or that sort of thing.\u2019 It\u2019s, \u2018Do they offer something unique instructionally to the students that they\u2019re going to serve, and are they fiscally solvent? Do they have a solid fiscal plan?\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2018Districts abused this loophole\u2019<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is unknown exactly how many of the state\u2019s 1,300-plus charter schools are based outside of their authorizing district\u2019s boundaries. State auditors in a 2017 report that investigated the Acton-Agua Dulce district noted it was next to impossible to tally a count of far-flung charter schools, in part because the state does not require charter schools to list all of the locations of their classrooms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-caption\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/calmatters.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/EBT-L-STRIKE-0220-15-1.jpg?resize=600%2C400&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"OAKLAND, CA - FEBRUARY 21: Signs are photographed during a rally at Frank Ogawa Plaza during a teacher strike on Thursday, Feb. 21, 2019, in Oakland, Calif. (Aric Crabb\/Bay Area News Group)\" class=\"wp-image-70338\" height=\"400\" width=\"600\"\/><figcaption>Charter schools argue for a single state authorizing body, but legislation backed by teachers unions would put even more control at the local level. Photo by Aric Crabb\/Bay Area News Group<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Nonetheless, state auditors identified at least 165 charter schools across California that appeared to be operating outside their authorizing district in 2016-17. Many are in small school districts.&nbsp;A recent <u><a href=\"https:\/\/calmatters.org\/articles\/california-charter-school-data-enrollment-cost-teachers-unions\/\">CALmatters analysis<\/a><\/u> of charter school growth in California found that nearly one-fifth of the state\u2019s 630,000 charter students came from schools authorized by districts that had fewer than 1,500 kids in their traditional public schools.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This year\u2019s attempt to curb far-flung charters, AB 1507, would again essentially force charter schools to get permission from their host districts.&nbsp;&nbsp;Lawmakers, with the support of teachers unions, also want to strip most of the appeals for denied charter applications, giving local districts even more power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Einstein founder Blazer believes a better solution would be to take the responsibility for authorization away from the districts and give it to an independent statewide body that doesn\u2019t have political or financial motives to deny charters, but that appears to be an uphill battle this year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Smith\u2019s office declined to grant an interview to discuss her proposed legislation, but in a statement, she said her bill \u201ccontinues to address charter transparency goals that have been set forth by Governor Newsom and the Legislature.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis bill restores the right of individual districts to have oversight of schools located within their boundaries,\u201d Smith said in the statement. \u201cIn my tenure as a school board member, neighboring districts abused this loophole and authorization privilege and families were impacted because of this.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The win-win partnership between a struggling charter school network and a rural school district in Los Angeles County touched off a call for legislative reform.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":89,"featured_media":64051,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"single-feature.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","newspack_ads_suppress_ads":false,"newspack_popups_has_disabled_popups":false,"newspack_sponsor_sponsorship_scope":"","newspack_sponsor_native_byline_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_native_category_display":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_style":"inherit","newspack_sponsor_underwriter_placement":"inherit","apple_news_api_created_at":"2019-04-08T21:00:55Z","apple_news_api_id":"149c65b2-df27-427e-8840-08fbfba2aa76","apple_news_api_modified_at":"2019-04-08T21:00:58Z","apple_news_api_revision":"AAAAAAAAAAD\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/w==","apple_news_api_share_url":"https:\/\/apple.news\/AFJxlst8nQn6IQAj7-6Kqdg","apple_news_cover_media_provider":"image","apple_news_coverimage":0,"apple_news_coverimage_caption":"","apple_news_cover_video_id":0,"apple_news_cover_video_url":"","apple_news_cover_embedwebvideo_url":"","apple_news_is_hidden":"","apple_news_is_paid":"","apple_news_is_preview":"","apple_news_is_sponsored":"","apple_news_maturity_rating":"","apple_news_metadata":"\"\"","apple_news_pullquote":"","apple_news_pullquote_position":"middle","apple_news_slug":"","apple_news_sections":["https:\/\/news-api.apple.com\/sections\/49654979-841c-3b60-b9c1-b123dc98bd2d"],"apple_news_suppress_video_url":false,"apple_news_use_image_component":false,"_spanish_translation_id":0,"_is_translation":false,"_newspack_byline_active":false,"_newspack_byline":"","newspack_content_restriction_is_exempt":false,"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[65015,7,52,13],"tags":[1675,10707],"legislator":[],"bill":[],"newspack_spnsrs_tax":[],"coauthors":[4222],"class_list":["post-72417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-capitol","category-education","category-k-12-education","category-politics","tag-gavin-newsom","tag-jerry-brown","entry"],"acf":[],"apple_news_notices":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - 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